An Ideal Hero: Greek vs. Roman

EvansHUM 2210 REVIEW SHEET EXAM 1 LISTS 1. Highlights that distinguish a general public as â€Å"civilized†a. Farming (water system) and reproducing of animals = surplus food (goats, peig, dairy cattle, sheep). Wheat, grain, rice, and maize. (Sci&Tech-clean stone devices. Ex: stone sickles)b. Urban communities: huge condo settlements= standard engineering and surplus manpowerc. Composing (â€Å"gifts of the gods†)= records. Pictograph, ideogram, cuneiform.d. Establishments for concentrated and acquired force . †Priesthood for unified sacrosanct custom †Kingship for brought together political and social structure (Paraoh= rulers in Egypt) .2. Topographical regions of early civic establishments (Attached) 3. Times of early Greek folklore to Ovid ( Poet of Metamorphoses)a. Inception of people: holy dirt (astute and rulers) blood of titans (dangerous and hoodlums), and stones(endurance)b. 4 ages as decrease: Golden (harmony), Silver (seasons &farming), Bronze (war), Iron (mining, deforestation, crime).4. Prevailing and exchange social topics in the Iliad Audience: high society men Purpose: social propaganda.Greek Heros= models of mental fortitude and aptitude to men (what to be) and ladies (what to search for-feeling that all is well with the world). a. Predominant Theme: warrior code of individual respect and magnificence b. Differentiating topics: Family standard, basic nation life versus war, adoration of adversaries. 5. Scholarly works by Homer Blind writer Homer †speaks to the summit of a long and vivacious custom where oral recitationâ€possibly to instrumental accompanimentâ€was a well known sort of diversion. Iliad, Odyssey.6. Significant section types in Greek des ign (know the parts) a. Doric: Plan ventures quality, power. Valuable for lord or state intimidate?Temple to ground-breaking divine beings. b. Ionic: exquisite, refined. Helpful for divine beings and individuals of insight. Libraries. c. Corinthian: increasingly complex. Ventures riches and influence that accompanies it. Helpful to majestic Rome to scare and stun. Makes the ruler or state look all ground-breaking, regardless of whether they aren’t! [pic]7. Significant pieces of structural structures on the Acropolis of Athens (City on the slopes. Ex: Propyleia and Parthenon) a. Propylaia: Monumental passage as the entryway/limit into the hallowed slope. b. Athena Nike: holy place to Athena as goddess of triumph. Gatekeeper of the slope. c. Parthenon (the Virgin) East Pediment (front): birth of Athena. Conceived from the head of Zeus= instinct. Female rule of insight, sacrosanct winged animal is the one. †West Pediment (back): Competition between Athena and Poseidon for A thens. Precursors picked Athen’s present for the olive tree= they liked to war. Athenians all sheer this knowledge and want for harmony. †The metopes (confined carvings on each side): the triumphs over the Amazons, centaurs, goliaths, and Trojans/Persians = equity beats savage power, aggression.8. Significant logicians of the Greek Classical and Hellenistic periods Greek Classical: a. Moral: Socrates Dialectic Method= basic methodology. Question and answer look for â€Å"Truth† †â€Å"Knowledge is virtue† and â€Å"to realize the great is to do the great. † †â€Å"The unexamined life isn't worth living† †â€Å"Produced cynics (just accept what is sure beyond a shadow of a doubt) and freethinkers (don’t accept what isn't known without a doubt). b. Social: Plato †Student of Socrates; Founded Academy in Athens, 387 B. C. †Theory of Forms: where is â€Å"Truth†: uncanning, state Level 4: Knowledge= convictio ns Level 3: Thinking= math geometry abstracts Lower Levels: Opinions Level 2: Beliefs (â€Å"Material world is genuine gone. ) Level 1: Imaginings (â€Å"Images [art] = reality) †Allegory of the Cave. Truth is excruciating. c. Rationale: Aristotle †Student of Plato, established school in Athens, 335 B. C. †Organized characteristic sciences into science, zoology, plant science †Theory of Universals: Inductive Science: Universals found from points of interest, along these lines examining the material world can (just) produce universals/absolutes. Plato’s dualism depreciated investigation of material world. †Deductive/Formal Logic for morals and science Hellenistic: a. Epicuranism †Founder: Epicurus (341-271 B. C. ) Atomist: all issue comprised of molecules so all structures are arbitrary; no controls †No existence in the wake of death: death= end; no judgment †Absolute choice: each makes own predetermination; total uniqueness †Goal of life: Pleasure (hedone> indulgence) *individual joy - > society would pulverize Pleasure: nonattendance of torment. Torment < unsatisfied wants. Negligible wants > Peace and delight; amicability = understanding among wants and satisfaction. Life of Moderation (Ex: Mastercard versus money spending plan). b. Emotionlessness *Resistance cause torment, figure out how to carry on with the Stoic life. †Founder: Zeno (334-262 B. C. ) Social Logos (=Heraclitus): All characteristic and society constrained by reason. The predetermination of one is the FOR THE GOOD OF THE WHOLE. Joy < tolerating one’s predetermination. †Suffering < opposing fated life †Stoic Goal: Evenness, dispassionate= no satisfaction in progress, no distress in disappointment. †Brotherhood of Man: Logos Lives in all things and everybody as fire DEFINITION (know the fundamental importance or reference of each term) - Polytheism/monotheism: the confidence in numerous divine be ings/the faith in just a single god. †Post and lintel: the least difficult structure or building development, comprising of vertical individuals (posts) and supporting horizontals (lintels). Standing System: an unbending social definition in India dependent on contrasts in riches, rank, or occupation. †Muse/muses: music †Ziggurat: a terraced tower of rubble and block that served old Mesopotamians as a sanctuary hallowed place. †Pharaoh: title of Egyptian lord. †Dialectic: question-and-answer style (Socrates) †Animism: the conviction that the powers of nature are repressed by spirits. †Homeopathic: power imbued dependent on similarity or impersonation. *exaggerates at some point. †Hellenistic: trailed by the Classical period; the mixing of Greek, African, and Asian societies. †Pantheism: the conviction that a perfect soul overruns everything in universe. Infection: power moved by contact. †Stoic Logos: Seminal Reason, through which al l things became, by which all things were requested, and to which all things returned. †Myth: story structure (verse) versus reasoning or logical clarification; ordinarily including divine beings and progenitors with heavenly force. Reason: to arrange universe and society. †Ethnocentric: the faith in the innate predominance of one's own ethnic gathering or culture. †Epicureanism: Happiness relying upon maintaining a strategic distance from all types of physical overabundance; esteemed plain living and the ideal association of body and mind.Gods had no influence in human life, and demise was just the improvement of molecules which the body and all of nature comprise. †Covenant: contract; the body between the Hebrew individuals and their god. †Yin/Yang: the standard, which antiquated Chinese rulers called â€Å"the establishment of the whole universe,† deciphers all nature as the dynamic result of two associating vast powers, or methods of vitality, gen erally designed as twin interpenetrating shapes encased inside a circle. Yang-male guideline: delicacy, hardness, brilliance, warmth, and the sun. Ying-female guideline: murkiness, delicate quality, dampness, coolness, the earth. Metope: the square board between the bar closes under the top of a structure. †Plato’s Theory of Forms:where is â€Å"Truth†? Above: ideal universe of structures: firsts, total, uncanning state. Underneath: blemished universe of issue: duplicates, evolving, feelings. †Ideal disaster: hero’s life changes from fortune to incident because of scholarly mistake. †Pediment: the triangular space framing the peak of a two-contributed rooftop Classical design; any comparable triangular structure found over a patio, entryway, or window. †Epic History: a long account sonnet that describes the deeds of an amazing or authentic legend as he continued looking for importance or identity.IDENTIFICATION: Know who or what each alludes to - Venus Figurines: thoughtful and infectious enchantment for fruitfulness of nature and people. - Stone Henge: holy space; constraint of heavenly world? Sun and moon for their ripeness power? - Parthenon: the exceptional compositional accomplishment of Golden Age Athens - Gate of Ishtar: one of the eight doors of the downtown of Babylon (primary passage), was worked during the rule of King Nebuchadnezzar II (604-562 BC), after he consumed Jerusalem. Beginning stage for Nebuchadnezzar II, after he purchased the realm of Judah to an end; he needs to embellish the capital. Achilles: Achaean (Greek) saint of the Trojan War, the focal character and the best warrior of Homer's Iliad. - Plato: Wrote the celebrated treatise, Republic. Traditional Greek savant, mathematician, understudy of Socrates, essayist of philosophical exchanges, and organizer of the Academy in Athens. - Hammurapi: 6th lord of Babylon, known for the arrangement of laws called Hammurabi's Code, one of the primary com posed codes of law in written history. - Athena: goddess of shrewdness and war. - Sophocles: second of the incredible tragedians, built up his plots through the activities of the characters.He altered the stately custom of prior Greek disasters by individualizing the characters and presenting snapshots of extraordinary mental closeness. Antigone - Confucius : Chinese instructor, proofreader, legislator, and rationalist of the Spring and Autumn Period of Chinese history. The way of thinking of Confucius underscored individual and legislative profound quality, accuracy of social connections, equity and truthfulness. - Zeus: the amazing sky god. - Epicurus: Greek scholar who upheld Epicuranism. - Moses: the pioneer who drove the Hebrews over the Red Sea. - Antigone: A terrible p